Metoclopramide in Pregnancy and Risk of Major Congenital Malformations and Fetal Death
治療上の有益性が危険性を上回ると判断される場合にのみ投与するというのは,当然なのですが・・・
「妊娠中の投与に関する安全性は確立していない。」という一文が不安を感じさせるのですが,デンマークのコホート研究で,1997年から2011年まで122万2503件の妊娠を観察した結果,妊婦へのメトクロプラミド投与は奇形発生率を上昇させなかったという報告がありました.
主要な先天性奇形について暴露群25.3対非暴露群26.6,自然流産について20.0対62.1,死産について3.5対3.9で,いずれもリスクの増加がみられなかったとのことです.
「Metoclopramide in Pregnancy and Risk of Major Congenital Malformations and Fetal Death」(JAMA. 2013;310(15):1601-1611)参照
「RESULTS:
Among 28,486 women exposed to metoclopramide in the first trimester, 721 had an infant with a major congenital malformation (25.3 [95% CI, 23.5-27.1] cases per 1000 births), compared with 3024 among 113,698 unexposed women (26.6 [95% CI, 25.7-27.5] per 1000 births). There were no significant associations between metoclopramide use and malformations overall (prevalence odds ratio, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.86-1.02]) or any of the 20 individual malformation categories, eg, neural tube defects, transposition of great vessels, ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, tetralogy of Fallot, coarctation of the aorta, cleft lip, cleft palate, anorectal atresia/stenosis, and limb reduction (upper limit of 95% CI below 2.0 for 17 of 20 categories). Metoclopramide was not associated with increased risk of spontaneous abortion (757 cases [20.0 {95% CI, 18.5-21.4} per 1000] among 37,946 metoclopramide-exposed women and 9414 cases [62.1 {95% CI, 60.9-63.3} per 1000] among 151,661 unexposed women; HR, 0.35 [95% CI, 0.33-0.38]) and stillbirth (142 cases [3.5 {95% CI, 2.9-4.1} per 1000] among 40,306 metoclopramide-exposed women and 634 cases [3.9 {95% CI, 3.6-4.2} per 1000] among 161,098 unexposed women; HR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.74-1.08]).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:
Metoclopramide use in pregnancy was not associated with increased risk of major congenital malformations overall, any of the 20 individual malformation categories assessed, spontaneous abortion, or stillbirth. These safety data may help inform decision making when treatment with metoclopramide is considered in pregnancy.」
2009年の「The Safety of Metoclopramide Use in the First Trimester of Pregnancy」(N Engl J Med 2009; 360:2528-2535)の結果を裏付ける形になりました.
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